ChatGPT解决这个技术问题 Extra ChatGPT

How can I prevent the backspace key from navigating back?

On IE I can do this with the (terribly non-standard, but working) jQuery

if ($.browser.msie)
    $(document).keydown(function(e) { if (e.keyCode == 8) window.event.keyCode = 0;});

But is it possible to do in a way which works on Firefox, or in a cross-browser way for a bonus?

For the record:

$(document).keydown(function(e) { if (e.keyCode == 8) e.stopPropagation(); });

does nothing.

$(document).keydown(function(e) { if (e.keyCode == 8) e.preventDefault(); });

solves the problem, but renders the backspace key unusable on the page, which is even worse than the original behaviour.

EDIT: The reason I do this is that I'm not creating a simple web page but a large application. It is incredibly annoying to lose 10 minutes of work just because you pressed backspace in the wrong place. The ratio of preventing mistakes vs. annoying users should be way above 1000/1 by preventing the backspace key from navigating back.

EDIT2: I'm not trying to prevent history navigation, just accidents.

EDIT3: @brentonstrines comment (moved here since the question is so popular): This is a long-term 'fix', but you could throw your support behind the Chromium bug to change this behavior in webkit

Because the backspace key is overloaded. You might not have noticed it, but you probably use it all the time for erasing letters you've just typed in a text field. Some of my customers have been having trouble with that causing the page to go back, so this is useful information. Nobody but you clowns knows that backspace is supposed to go back a page. That's something I never knew, and it's outright hostile behavior for a browser to have. I think all pages should disable that behavior.
Why do people think this is odd? Using backspace for navigation is a really dumb shortcut! there are so many text fields that users might want to delete text from - imagine having a long SO answer, switching to another window to check something, and then you come back and mis-click the edit area, press backspace to remove a word and suddenly the browser goes back a page and you've potentially lost everything you just wrote.
Why I want to do this? I'm not creating a web site but a web application. Some input fields are read-only in which case they look editable, but if you press backspace you leave the page. The ratio of backspace presses intending to navigate back vs. backspace presses trying to erase something is probably much less than 1 / 1000.
The question is how to do this, not your opinion on whether it is a good idea or not. Without knowing the details of the project your opinions are meaningless. My client has specifically requested this behavior for one of my projects and a real answer rather than "Why would you ever want to do that?" would be helpful.
This is a long-term 'fix', but you could throw your support behind the Chromium bug to change this behavior in webkit: code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=144832

J
Jorge Fuentes González

This code solves the problem, at least in IE and Firefox (haven't tested any other, but I give it a reasonable chance of working if the problem even exists in other browsers).

// Prevent the backspace key from navigating back.
$(document).unbind('keydown').bind('keydown', function (event) {
    if (event.keyCode === 8) {
        var doPrevent = true;
        var types = ["text", "password", "file", "search", "email", "number", "date", "color", "datetime", "datetime-local", "month", "range", "search", "tel", "time", "url", "week"];
        var d = $(event.srcElement || event.target);
        var disabled = d.prop("readonly") || d.prop("disabled");
        if (!disabled) {
            if (d[0].isContentEditable) {
                doPrevent = false;
            } else if (d.is("input")) {
                var type = d.attr("type");
                if (type) {
                    type = type.toLowerCase();
                }
                if (types.indexOf(type) > -1) {
                    doPrevent = false;
                }
            } else if (d.is("textarea")) {
                doPrevent = false;
            }
        }
        if (doPrevent) {
            event.preventDefault();
            return false;
        }
    }
});

added check for Text INPUTs only, if you were focused on a Button the backspace was working.
As Hemlock stated - check for d.type.toUpperCase() === 'PASSWORD' as well. Otherwise looks good
Since you're already using jQuery if( $(d).is( ":input" ) )...
It sucks that this has to be a whitelist, rather than being able to blacklist the "back" functionality. You may want to add a check for d.isContentEditable in here.
I created a NPM project with a clean version of the currently accepted answer: github.com/slorber/backspace-disabler (it also support contenteditables and has no dependency)
t
thetoolman

This code works on all browsers and swallows the backspace key when not on a form element, or if the form element is disabled|readOnly. It is also efficient, which is important when it is executing on every key typed in.

$(function(){
    /*
     * this swallows backspace keys on any non-input element.
     * stops backspace -> back
     */
    var rx = /INPUT|SELECT|TEXTAREA/i;

    $(document).bind("keydown keypress", function(e){
        if( e.which == 8 ){ // 8 == backspace
            if(!rx.test(e.target.tagName) || e.target.disabled || e.target.readOnly ){
                e.preventDefault();
            }
        }
    });
});

Please test my example, you may wish to update your code accordingly.
I prefer this over @erikkallen's solution because it's cleaner. However, I wanted submit buttons, radio buttons, and check boxes to also be ignored, so I changed the if() to this: if(!rx.test(e.target.tagName) || $(e.target).is(':checkbox') || $(e.target).is(':radio') || $(e.target).is(':submit') || e.target.disabled || e.target.readOnly )
@thetoolman, see my comment on erikallen's answer. This should also account for contentEditable.
@MaffooClock: you can be more concise with .is(':checkbox,:radio,:submit')
@cdmckay: I can't believe I didn't write it that way in the first place. Thanks for cleaning that up for us all :)
V
Vladimir Kornea

The other answers here have established that this cannot be done without whitelisting elements in which Backspace is allowed. This solution is not ideal because the whitelist is not as straightforward as merely textareas and text/password inputs, but is repeatedly found to be incomplete and needing to be updated.

However, since the purpose of suppressing the backspace functionality is merely to prevent users from accidentally losing data, the beforeunload solution is a good one because the modal popup is surprising--modal popups are bad when they are triggered as part of a standard workflow, because the user gets used to dismissing them without reading them, and they are annoying. In this case, the modal popup would only appear as an alternative to a rare and surprising action, and is therefore acceptable.

The problem is that an onbeforeunload modal must not pop up whenever the user navigates away from the page (such as when clicking a link or submitting a form), and we don't want to start whitelisting or blacklisting specific onbeforeunload conditions.

The ideal combination of tradeoffs for a generalized solution is as follows: keep track of whether backspace is pressed, and only pop up the onbeforeunload modal if it is. In other words:

function confirmBackspaceNavigations () {
    // http://stackoverflow.com/a/22949859/2407309
    var backspaceIsPressed = false
    $(document).keydown(function(event){
        if (event.which == 8) {
            backspaceIsPressed = true
        }
    })
    $(document).keyup(function(event){
        if (event.which == 8) {
            backspaceIsPressed = false
        }
    })
    $(window).on('beforeunload', function(){
        if (backspaceIsPressed) {
            backspaceIsPressed = false
            return "Are you sure you want to leave this page?"
        }
    })
} // confirmBackspaceNavigations

This has been tested to work in IE7+, FireFox, Chrome, Safari, and Opera. Just drop this function into your global.js and call it from any page where you don't want users to accidentally lose their data.

Note that an onbeforeunload modal can only be triggered once, so if the user presses backspace again, the modal will not fire again.

Note that this will not trigger on hashchange events, however in that context you can use other techniques to keep users from accidentally losing their data.


I just went to add this same solution and saw this post at bottom of the page LOL. One difference I have is to set lastUserInputWasBackspace = false before the return "Are you sure..." statement, so you don't get the popup if you happen to click back button after already seeing the popup (so it's consistent with non-backspace-influenced behavior).
@user2407309 I have removed my comment (not a complaint) about firefox not working with your solution. There was an issue with my debugger. My apologies for editing/breaking your code. I realize now that I overstepped my bounds (editing) forgive me. I am truly sorry and I meant no complaints to your wonderful solution to this problem. Again, my apologies. This code works well. I believe this is the best answer and I commend you for it.
This solution worked on my local machine, but when I moved it over, the client (at least some of them) lost functionality of half the application. I guess something is rejecting it, but I have no idea what.
@Steve, rare or not, if there's a problem with the function, that information belongs here. I just want to know whether there really is a problem.
Nice solution, but unfortunately, if a user accidentally presses backspace twice, it still navigates back. (at least on firefox)
D
Darwayne

A more elegant/concise solution:

$(document).on('keydown',function(e){
  var $target = $(e.target||e.srcElement);
  if(e.keyCode == 8 && !$target.is('input,[contenteditable="true"],textarea'))
  {
    e.preventDefault();
  }
})

This is a lot more concise and from what I can tell works just as well. Why is it that the most popular answer has all those check for types of inputs, and seems more complicated? Is it more reliable?
The most popular answer was the first one to answer the question, thus the high votes.
when readonly fields are focused delete still navigates back in chrome
B
Biff MaGriff

Modification of erikkallen's Answer to address different input types

I've found that an enterprising user might press backspace on a checkbox or a radio button in a vain attempt to clear it and instead they would navigate backwards and lose all of their data.

This change should address that issue.

New Edit to address content editable divs

    //Prevents backspace except in the case of textareas and text inputs to prevent user navigation.
    $(document).keydown(function (e) {
        var preventKeyPress;
        if (e.keyCode == 8) {
            var d = e.srcElement || e.target;
            switch (d.tagName.toUpperCase()) {
                case 'TEXTAREA':
                    preventKeyPress = d.readOnly || d.disabled;
                    break;
                case 'INPUT':
                    preventKeyPress = d.readOnly || d.disabled ||
                        (d.attributes["type"] && $.inArray(d.attributes["type"].value.toLowerCase(), ["radio", "checkbox", "submit", "button"]) >= 0);
                    break;
                case 'DIV':
                    preventKeyPress = d.readOnly || d.disabled || !(d.attributes["contentEditable"] && d.attributes["contentEditable"].value == "true");
                    break;
                default:
                    preventKeyPress = true;
                    break;
            }
        }
        else
            preventKeyPress = false;

        if (preventKeyPress)
            e.preventDefault();
    });

Example To test make 2 files.

starthere.htm - open this first so you have a place to go back to

<a href="./test.htm">Navigate to here to test</a>

test.htm - This will navigate backwards when backspace is pressed while the checkbox or submit has focus (achieved by tabbing). Replace with my code to fix.

<html>
<head>
<script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.6.4/jquery.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">

    $(document).keydown(function(e) {
        var doPrevent;
        if (e.keyCode == 8) {
            var d = e.srcElement || e.target;
            if (d.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'INPUT' || d.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'TEXTAREA') {
                doPrevent = d.readOnly || d.disabled;
            }
            else
                doPrevent = true;
        }
        else
            doPrevent = false;

        if (doPrevent)
            e.preventDefault();
    });
</script>
</head>
<body>
<input type="text" />
<input type="radio" />
<input type="checkbox" />
<input type="submit" />
</body>
</html>

What browser did you see backspace press on radio|checkbox|submit -> back function ? I havent seen a browser do this..
Internet Explorer 8 and Chrome
I tried a number of other solutions in this thread, but this one worked well in all my situations and had the cleanest, easiest to understand code. Thank you.
Did you try @Darwayne I am curious to know why that one is so short and this is is more complex, but both seem to work just the same for me
Does this work on links? I have an ASP.Net application with an image button to remove an item. That's the only thing this hasn't worked on so far...
D
DisgruntledGoat

Based on the comments it appears you want to stop people losing information in forms, if they press backspace to delete but the field is not focused.

In which case, you want to look at the onunload event handler. Stack Overflow uses it - if you try to leave a page when you've started writing an answer, it pops up a warning.


sorry that was a rude comment. What I mean is, the user probably doesn't want to be berated for doing something they didn't even know was wrong. Why not just silently eat the key with an onkeydown? The goal is not to completely prevent the user from leaving the page, but to guard against this common mistake. In addition, pop up dialogues are not very effective, or useful. Users don't read them. Are you sure you want to leave the page? Okay! No wait wait, I didn't want to leave the page.. oops too late.
OK then take it or leave it. I think you're trying to over-engineer a problem that doesn't really exist, or at least isn't important. And in my experience, it's only power users who click "OK" on unfamiliar dialogs without reading them properly. ;)
Are you and Breton the same person? Anyway you kinda shot yourself in the foot there - the article says "the default answer is Cancel" so when seeing the dialog about leaving the page, they're going to press "Cancel" and therefore not leave the page. Though it should be noted that Chrome's options on that dialog are "Leave this page" and "Stay on this page" which are very clear.
No, he is not me, but I've come across that link before. I think the comments are hilarious. "What!? people ignore modal dialog boxes? We must find a way to make them even MORE persistent and annoying!". Really explains a lot about microsoft software.
@Disgruntled: No, I'm not Breton, and the point of the article is not "The default choice is..." but "users don't read anything."
T
Tarik

Most of the answers are in jquery. You can do this perfectly in pure Javascript, simple and no library required. This article was a good starting point for me but since keyIdentifier is deprecated, I wanted this code to be more secure so I added ||e.keyCode==8 to the if statement. Also, the code wasn't working well on Firefox so I added return false; and now it works perfectly well. Here it is:

<script type="text/javascript">
window.addEventListener('keydown',function(e){if(e.keyIdentifier=='U+0008'||e.keyIdentifier=='Backspace'||e.keyCode==8){if(e.target==document.body){e.preventDefault();return false;}}},true);
</script>

This code works great because,

It is in pure javascript (no library required). Not only it checks the key pressed, it confirms if the action is really a browser "back" action. Together with the above, user can type and delete text from input text boxes on the web page without any problems while still preventing the back button action. It is short, clean, fast and straight to the point.

You can add console.log(e); for your your test purposes, and hit F12 in chrome, go to "console" tab and hit "backspace" on the page and look inside it to see what values are returned, then you can target all of those parameters to further enhance the code above to suit your needs.


C
Community

Stop from navigating this code works!

$(document).on("keydown", function (event) {        
   if (event.keyCode === 8) {
      event.preventDefault();
    }
  });

But for not to restricting text fields but others

$(document).on("keydown", function (event) {
  if (event.which === 8 && !$(event.target).is("input, textarea")) {
   event.preventDefault();
  }
});

To prevent it for specific field simply use

$('#myOtherField').on("keydown", function (event) {
  if (event.keyCode === 8 || event.which === 8) { 
   event.preventDefault(); 
  } 
});

Referring to this one below!

Prevent BACKSPACE from navigating back with jQuery (Like Google's Homepage)


C
CodeNepal

Combining solutions given by "thetoolman" && "Biff MaGriff"

following code seems to work correctly in IE 8/Mozilla/Chrome

$(function () {
    var rx = /INPUT|TEXTAREA/i;
    var rxT = /RADIO|CHECKBOX|SUBMIT/i;

    $(document).bind("keydown keypress", function (e) {
        var preventKeyPress;
        if (e.keyCode == 8) {
            var d = e.srcElement || e.target;
            if (rx.test(e.target.tagName)) {
                var preventPressBasedOnType = false;
                if (d.attributes["type"]) {
                    preventPressBasedOnType = rxT.test(d.attributes["type"].value);
                }
                preventKeyPress = d.readOnly || d.disabled || preventPressBasedOnType;
            } else {preventKeyPress = true;}
        } else { preventKeyPress = false; }

        if (preventKeyPress) e.preventDefault();
    });
}); 

Adding IMAGE might also be useful.
i settled on this one.
b
brabster

Not sure why no-one's just answered this - seems like a perfectly reasonable technical question to ask whether it's possible.

No, I don't think there's a cross-browser way to disable the backspace button. I know it's not enabled by default in FF these days though.


Minus 1 for not answering the actual question and wasting time
J
Josiah

I had a hard time finding a non-JQUERY answer. Thanks to Stas for putting me on the track.

Chrome: If you don't need cross browser support, you can just use a blacklist, rather than whitelisting. This pure JS version works in Chrome, but not in IE. Not sure about FF.

In Chrome (ver. 36, mid 2014), keypresses not on an input or contenteditable element seem to be targeted to <BODY>. This makes it possible use a blacklist, which I prefer to whitelisting. IE uses the last click target - so it might be a div or anything else. That makes this useless in IE.

window.onkeydown = function(event) {
    if (event.keyCode == 8) {
    //alert(event.target.tagName); //if you want to see how chrome handles keypresses not on an editable element
        if (event.target.tagName == 'BODY') {
            //alert("Prevented Navigation");
            event.preventDefault();
        }
    }
}  

Cross Browser: For pure javascript, I found Stas' answer to be the best. Adding one more condition check for contenteditable made it work for me*:

document.onkeydown = function(e) {stopDefaultBackspaceBehaviour(e);}
document.onkeypress = function(e) {stopDefaultBackspaceBehaviour(e);}

function stopDefaultBackspaceBehaviour(event) {
    var event = event || window.event;
    if (event.keyCode == 8) {
        var elements = "HTML, BODY, TABLE, TBODY, TR, TD, DIV";
        var d = event.srcElement || event.target;
        var regex = new RegExp(d.tagName.toUpperCase());
        if (d.contentEditable != 'true') { //it's not REALLY true, checking the boolean value (!== true) always passes, so we can use != 'true' rather than !== true/
            if (regex.test(elements)) {
                event.preventDefault ? event.preventDefault() : event.returnValue = false;
            }
        }
    }
}

*Note that IEs [edit: and Spartan/TechPreview] have a "feature" that makes table-related elements uneditable. If you click one of those and THEN press backspace, it WILL navigate back. If you don't have editable <td>s, this is not an issue.


N
None

This solution is similar to others that have been posted, but it uses a simple whitelist making it easily customizable to allow the backspace in specified elements just by setting the selector in the .is() function.

I use it in this form to prevent the backspace on pages from navigating back:

$(document).on("keydown", function (e) {
    if (e.which === 8 && !$(e.target).is("input:not([readonly]), textarea")) {
        e.preventDefault();
    }
});

When user uses contenteditable, this would make it disabled. So you might want to add the contenteditable=true in the whitelist
C
Community

To elaborate slightly on @erikkallen's excellent answer, here is a function that allows all keyboard-based input types, including those introduced in HTML5:

$(document).unbind('keydown').bind('keydown', function (event) {
    var doPrevent = false;
    var INPUTTYPES = [
        "text", "password", "file", "date", "datetime", "datetime-local",
        "month", "week", "time", "email", "number", "range", "search", "tel",
        "url"];
    var TEXTRE = new RegExp("^" + INPUTTYPES.join("|") + "$", "i");
    if (event.keyCode === 8) {
        var d = event.srcElement || event.target;
        if ((d.tagName.toUpperCase() === 'INPUT' && d.type.match(TEXTRE)) ||
             d.tagName.toUpperCase() === 'TEXTAREA') {
            doPrevent = d.readOnly || d.disabled;
        } else {
            doPrevent = true;
        }
    }
    if (doPrevent) {
        event.preventDefault();
    }
});

Thanks, I am using this answer! Have you found any issues with this solutions so far?
I'd recommend moving the INPUTTYPES, TEXTRE declarations out of the function so they don't get recalculated on every keydown event.
V
Vladimir Djuricic

JavaScript - jQuery way:

$(document).on("keydown", function (e) {
    if (e.which === 8 && !$(e.target).is("input, textarea")) {
        e.preventDefault();
    }
});

Javascript - the native way, that works for me:

<script type="text/javascript">

//on backspace down + optional callback
function onBackspace(e, callback){
    var key;
    if(typeof e.keyIdentifier !== "undefined"){
        key = e.keyIdentifier;

    }else if(typeof e.keyCode !== "undefined"){
        key = e.keyCode;
    }
    if (key === 'U+0008' || 
        key === 'Backspace' || 
        key === 8) {
                    if(typeof callback === "function"){
                callback();
            }
            return true;
        }
    return false;
}

//event listener
window.addEventListener('keydown', function (e) {

    switch(e.target.tagName.toLowerCase()){
        case "input":
        case "textarea":
        break;
        case "body":
            onBackspace(e,function(){
                e.preventDefault();
            });

        break;
    }
}, true);
</script>

@MichaelPotter It was okay for the use case of mine, long time ago. Please, feel free to contribute by improving/altering my answer. Thx!
P
PrinceTyke

I had some problems with the accepted solution and the Select2.js plugin; I was not able to delete characters in the editable box as the delete action was being prevented. This was my solution:

//Prevent backwards navigation when trying to delete disabled text.
$(document).unbind('keydown').bind('keydown', function (event) {

    if (event.keyCode === 8) {

        var doPrevent = false,
            d = event.srcElement || event.target,
            tagName = d.tagName.toUpperCase(),
            type = (d.type ? d.type.toUpperCase() : ""),
            isEditable = d.contentEditable,
            isReadOnly = d.readOnly,
            isDisabled = d.disabled;

        if (( tagName === 'INPUT' && (type === 'TEXT' || type === 'PASSWORD'))
            || tagName === 'PASSWORD'
            || tagName === 'TEXTAREA') {
            doPrevent =  isReadOnly || isDisabled;
        }
        else if(tagName === 'SPAN'){
            doPrevent = !isEditable;
        }
        else {
            doPrevent = true;
        }
    }

    if (doPrevent) {
        event.preventDefault();
    }
});

Select2 creates a Span with an attribute of "contentEditable" which is set to true for the editable combo box in it. I added code to account for the spans tagName and the different attribute. This solved all my problems.

Edit: If you are not using the Select2 combobox plugin for jquery, then this solution may not be needed by you, and the accepted solution might be better.


e
elico3000
    document.onkeydown = function (e) {    
        e.stopPropagation();
        if ((e.keyCode==8  ||  e.keyCode==13) &&
            (e.target.tagName != "TEXTAREA") && 
            (e.target.tagName != "INPUT")) { 
            return false;
        }
    };

You shouldn't use return false. e.preventDefault is recommended. Also you are stopping propagation of the event for every key and not just the backspace. Finally, keyCode 13 is enter and the question was about preventing back navigation with backspace, but this would prevent enter from submitting the form or performing other actions.
T
Tim Cooper

This code solves the problem in all browsers:

onKeydown:function(e)
{
    if (e.keyCode == 8) 
    {
      var d = e.srcElement || e.target;
      if (!((d.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'BODY') || (d.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'HTML'))) 
      {
         doPrevent = false;
      }
       else
      {
         doPrevent = true;
      }
    }
    else
    {
       doPrevent = false;
    }
      if (doPrevent)
      {
         e.preventDefault();
       }

  }

I find this code does not work as expected due to the d.tagname being DIV or TD.
The code from Haseeb Akhtar works perfect in Chrome and Firefox, but surprise!! not in IE6-9 Any suggestions?
L
Luke Woodward

Simplest way to prevent navigation on pressing backspace

$(document).keydown(function () {
    if (event.keyCode == 8) {
        if (event.target.nodeName == 'BODY') {
            event.preventDefault();
        }
    }
});

Prevents navigation on pressing backspcae, and at the same time allows backspace with in all input controls
And dont miss the first line..$(document).keydown(function () {
this will disable the backbutton inside textareas and inputs
C
Chris V

Using Dojo toolkit 1.7, this works in IE 8:

require(["dojo/on", "dojo/keys", "dojo/domReady!"],
function(on, keys) {
    on(document.body,"keydown",function(evt){if(evt.keyCode == keys.BACKSPACE)evt.preventDefault()});
});

B
B-Dog

Have you tried the very simple solution of just adding the following attribute to your read only text field:

onkeydown="return false;"

This will keep the browser from going back in history when the Backspace key is pressed in a read only text field. Maybe I am missing your true intent, but seems like this would be the simplest solution to your issue.


R
Robin Maben

A much neater solution -

$(document).on('keydown', function (e) {
    var key = e == null ? event.keyCode : e.keyCode;
    if(key == 8 && $(document.activeElement.is(':not(:input)')))   //select, textarea
      e.preventDefault();
});

Alternately, you could only check if

$(document.activeElement).is('body')

S
Stanislav Parkhomenko

Pure javascript version, which works in all browsers:

document.onkeydown = function(e) {stopDefaultBackspaceBehaviour(e);}
document.onkeypress = function(e) {stopDefaultBackspaceBehaviour(e);}

function stopDefaultBackspaceBehaviour(event) {
  var event = event || window.event;
  if (event.keyCode == 8) {
    var elements = "HTML, BODY, TABLE, TBODY, TR, TD, DIV";
    var d = event.srcElement || event.target;
    var regex = new RegExp(d.tagName.toUpperCase());
    if (regex.test(elements)) {
      event.preventDefault ? event.preventDefault() : event.returnValue = false;
    }
  }
}

Of course you can use "INPUT, TEXTAREA" and use "if (!regex.test(elements))" then. The first worked fine for me.


B
BenMorel

Performance?

I was worried about performance and made a fiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/felvhage/k2rT6/9/embedded/result/

var stresstest = function(e, method, index){...

I have analyzed the most promising methods i found in this thread. It turns out, they were all very fast and most probably do not cause a problem in terms of "sluggishness" when typing. The slowest Method i looked at was about 125 ms for 10.000 Calls in IE8. Which is 0.0125ms per Stroke.

I found the methods posted by Codenepal and Robin Maben to be fastest ~ 0.001ms (IE8) but beware of the different semantics.

Perhaps this is a relief to someone introducing this kind of functionality to his code.


J
Jacek Pietal

Modified erikkallen answer:

$(document).unbind('keydown').bind('keydown', function (event) {

    var doPrevent = false, elem;

    if (event.keyCode === 8) {
        elem = event.srcElement || event.target;
        if( $(elem).is(':input') ) {
            doPrevent = elem.readOnly || elem.disabled;
        } else {
            doPrevent = true;
        }
    }

    if (doPrevent) {
        event.preventDefault();
        return false;
    }
});

Perfect answer. The solution which I got from others didn't worked in firefox, but this one perfectly worked in all the three(Firefox, IE and crome) without any problem. Thanks Prozi.
L
Luis Cuellar

This solution worked very well when tested.

I did add some code to handle some input fields not tagged with input, and to integrate in an Oracle PL/SQL application that generates an input form for my job.

My "two cents":

 if (typeof window.event != ''undefined'')
    document.onkeydown = function() {
    //////////// IE //////////////
    var src = event.srcElement;
    var tag = src.tagName.toUpperCase();
    if (event.srcElement.tagName.toUpperCase() != "INPUT"
        && event.srcElement.tagName.toUpperCase() != "TEXTAREA"
        || src.readOnly || src.disabled 
        )
        return (event.keyCode != 8);
    if(src.type) {
       var type = ("" + src.type).toUpperCase();
       return type != "CHECKBOX" && type != "RADIO" && type != "BUTTON";
       }
   }
else
   document.onkeypress = function(e) {
   //////////// FireFox 
   var src = e.target;
   var tag = src.tagName.toUpperCase();
   if ( src.nodeName.toUpperCase() != "INPUT" && tag != "TEXTAREA"
      || src.readOnly || src.disabled )
      return (e.keyCode != 8);
    if(src.type) {
      var type = ("" + src.type).toUpperCase();
      return type != "CHECKBOX" && type != "RADIO" && type != "BUTTON";
      }                              
   }

S
Sebastien Lorber

I created a NPM project with a clean version of the currently accepted (of erikkallen)

https://github.com/slorber/backspace-disabler

It uses basically the same principles but:

No dependency

Support for contenteditable

More readable / maintainable code base

Will be supported as it will be used in production by my company

MIT license

var Backspace = 8;

// See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12949590/how-to-detach-event-in-ie-6-7-8-9-using-javascript
function addHandler(element, type, handler) {
    if (element.addEventListener) {
        element.addEventListener(type, handler, false);
    } else if (element.attachEvent) {
        element.attachEvent("on" + type, handler);
    } else {
        element["on" + type] = handler;
    }
}
function removeHandler(element, type, handler) {
    if (element.removeEventListener) {
        element.removeEventListener(type, handler, false);
    } else if (element.detachEvent) {
        element.detachEvent("on" + type, handler);
    } else {
        element["on" + type] = null;
    }
}




// Test wether or not the given node is an active contenteditable,
// or is inside an active contenteditable
function isInActiveContentEditable(node) {
    while (node) {
        if ( node.getAttribute && node.getAttribute("contenteditable") === "true" ) {
            return true;
        }
        node = node.parentNode;
    }
    return false;
}



var ValidInputTypes = ['TEXT','PASSWORD','FILE','EMAIL','SEARCH','DATE'];

function isActiveFormItem(node) {
    var tagName = node.tagName.toUpperCase();
    var isInput = ( tagName === "INPUT" && ValidInputTypes.indexOf(node.type.toUpperCase()) >= 0 );
    var isTextarea = ( tagName === "TEXTAREA" );
    if ( isInput || isTextarea ) {
        var isDisabled = node.readOnly || node.disabled;
        return !isDisabled;
    }
    else if ( isInActiveContentEditable(node) ) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}


// See http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1495219/how-can-i-prevent-the-backspace-key-from-navigating-back
function disabler(event) {
    if (event.keyCode === Backspace) {
        var node = event.srcElement || event.target;
        // We don't want to disable the ability to delete content in form inputs and contenteditables
        if ( isActiveFormItem(node) ) {
            // Do nothing
        }
        // But in any other cases we prevent the default behavior that triggers a browser backward navigation
        else {
            event.preventDefault();
        }
    }
}


/**
 * By default the browser issues a back nav when the focus is not on a form input / textarea
 * But users often press back without focus, and they loose all their form data :(
 *
 * Use this if you want the backspace to never trigger a browser back
 */
exports.disable = function(el) {
    addHandler(el || document,"keydown",disabler);
};

/**
 * Reenable the browser backs
 */
exports.enable = function(el) {
    removeHandler(el || document,"keydown",disabler);
};

n
ninjagecko

Here is my rewrite of the top-voted answer. I tried to check element.value!==undefined (since some elements like may have no html attribute but may have a javascript value property somewhere on the prototype chain), however that didn't work very well and had lots of edge cases. There doesn't seem to be a good way to future-proof this, so a whitelist seems the best option.

This registers the element at the end of the event bubble phase, so if you want to handle Backspace in any custom way, you can do so in other handlers.

This also checks instanceof HTMLTextAreElement since one could theoretically have a web component which inherits from that.

This does not check contentEditable (combine with other answers).

https://jsfiddle.net/af2cfjc5/15/

var _INPUTTYPE_WHITELIST = ['text', 'password', 'search', 'email', 'number', 'date'];

function backspaceWouldBeOkay(elem) {
    // returns true if backspace is captured by the element
    var isFrozen = elem.readOnly || elem.disabled;
    if (isFrozen) // a frozen field has no default which would shadow the shitty one
        return false;
    else {
        var tagName = elem.tagName.toLowerCase();
        if (elem instanceof HTMLTextAreaElement) // allow textareas
            return true;
        if (tagName=='input') { // allow only whitelisted input types
            var inputType = elem.type.toLowerCase();
            if (_INPUTTYPE_WHITELIST.includes(inputType))
                return true;
        }   
        return false; // everything else is bad
    }
}

document.body.addEventListener('keydown', ev => {
    if (ev.keyCode==8 && !backspaceWouldBeOkay(ev.target)) {
        //console.log('preventing backspace navigation');
        ev.preventDefault();
    }
}, true); // end of event bubble phase

J
John Conde

Sitepoint: Disable back for Javascript

event.stopPropagation() and event.preventDefault() do nothing in IE. I had to send return event.keyCode == 11 (I just picked something) instead of just saying "if not = 8, run the event" to make it work, though. event.returnValue = false also works.


C
CodeNepal

Another method using jquery

    <script type="text/javascript">

    //set this variable according to the need within the page
    var BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED = true;

    function fnPreventBackspace(event){if (BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED && event.keyCode == 8) {return false;}}
    function fnPreventBackspacePropagation(event){if(BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED && event.keyCode == 8){event.stopPropagation();}return true;}

    $(document).ready(function(){ 
        if(BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED){
            //for IE use keydown, for Mozilla keypress  
            //as described in scr: http://www.codeproject.com/KB/scripting/PreventDropdownBackSpace.aspx
            $(document).keypress(fnPreventBackspace);
            $(document).keydown(fnPreventBackspace);

            //Allow Backspace is the following controls 
            var jCtrl = null;
            jCtrl = $('input[type="text"]');
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);

            jCtrl = $('input[type="password"]');
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);

            jCtrl = $('textarea');
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);

            //disable backspace for readonly and disabled
            jCtrl = $('input[type="text"][readonly="readonly"]')
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspace);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspace);

            jCtrl = $('input[type="text"][disabled="disabled"]')
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspace);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspace);
        }
    }); 

    </script>

Please note this does not work if controls(textbox) have been dynamically added.
T
Tan

I've been using this in my code for some time now. I write online tests for students and ran into the problem when students were pressing backspace during their test and it would take them back to the login screen. Frustrating! It works on FF for sure.

document.onkeypress = Backspace;
function Backspace(event) {
    if (event.keyCode == 8) {
        if (document.activeElement.tagName == "INPUT") {
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}