现在我必须下载并安装 Android SDK 和 AVD Manager,然后通过 UI 安装 API、工具。有没有办法自动化这个过程?
更新
最新版本引入了 sdkmanager
,这是一个命令行工具,可让您查看、安装、更新和卸载 Android SDK 的软件包。
sdkmanager
工具在 Android SDK 工具包(25.2.3 及更高版本)中提供,位于 android_sdk/tools/bin/
中。
sdkmanager [--uninstall] [<common args>] [--package_file <file>] [<packages>...]
sdkmanager --update [<common args>]
sdkmanager --list [<common args>]
sdkmanager --licenses [<common args>]
In its first form, installs, or uninstalls, or updates packages.
By default, the listed packages are installed or (if already installed)
updated to the latest version.
--uninstall: uninstalled listed packages.
<package> is a sdk-style path (e.g. "build-tools;23.0.0" or
"platforms;android-23").
<package-file> is a text file where each line is a sdk-style path
of a package to install or uninstall.
Multiple --package_file arguments may be specified in combination
with explicit paths.
In its second form (with --update), all installed packages are
updated to the latest version.
In its third form, all installed and available packages are printed
out.
In its fourth form (with --licenses), show and offer the option to
accept licenses for all available packages that have not already been
accepted.
Common Arguments:
--sdk_root=<sdkRootPath>: Use the specified SDK root instead of the SDK
containing this tool
--channel=<channelId>: Include packages in channels up to <channelId>.
Common channels are:
0 (Stable), 1 (Beta), 2 (Dev), and 3 (Canary).
--include_obsolete: With --list, show obsolete packages in the
package listing. With --update, update obsolete
packages as well as non-obsolete.
--no_https: Force all connections to use http rather than https.
--proxy=<http | socks>: Connect via a proxy of the given type.
--proxy_host=<IP or DNS address>: IP or DNS address of the proxy to use.
--proxy_port=<port #>: Proxy port to connect to.
* If the env var REPO_OS_OVERRIDE is set to "windows",
"macosx", or "linux", packages will be downloaded for that OS.
所以,更新包运行
sdkmanager --update
要接受许可证,
yes | sdkmanager --licenses
旧答案
(请注意:android
命令已弃用!)
离自动化越近的可能是:
android update sdk --no-ui
android
为自动更新提供了这些选项:
Action "update sdk":
Updates the SDK by suggesting new platforms to install if available.
Options:
-f --force Forces replacement of a package or its parts, even if something has been modified
-u --no-ui Updates from command-line (does not display the GUI)
-o --obsolete Installs obsolete packages
-t --filter A filter that limits the update to the specified types of packages in the form of
a comma-separated list of [platform, tool, platform-tool, doc, sample, extra]
-s --no-https Uses HTTP instead of HTTPS (the default) for downloads
-n --dry-mode Simulates the update but does not download or install anything
如果您想列出可用于安装的软件包,您可以使用
android list sdk
您将获得一个有序的包列表,例如
Packages available for installation or update: 9
1- ARM EABI v7a System Image, Android API 15, revision 2
2- Intel x86 Atom System Image, Android API 15, revision 1
3- Android Support, revision 8
4- Google AdMob Ads SDK, revision 6
5- Google Analytics SDK, revision 2
6- Google Play APK Expansion Library, revision 1
7- Google Play Billing Library, revision 2
8- Google Play Licensing Library, revision 2
9- Google Web Driver, revision 2
如果您使用 --filter
选项,您还可以将更新限制为仅对所需组件
android update sdk --filter <component> --no-ui
其中组件是一个或多个
android list sdk 返回的数字(即1,也称为包索引)
添加在
文档
额外的
平台
平台工具
样本
资源
系统映像
工具
或者可以是一个或多个特定标识符。例如,如果你只想下载一小组特定的包,你可以这样做:
android update sdk -u --filter platform-tools,android-16,extra-android-support
您将获得平台工具、API 级别 16 和支持包 JAR 文件。如果您只构建构建机器并且必须为下载所有您永远不会使用的额外内容付费,这真的很方便。
要查看可用选项,您可以使用 --help,例如
android --help list sdk
Usage:
android [global options] list sdk [action options]
Global options:
-h --help : Help on a specific command.
-v --verbose : Verbose mode, shows errors, warnings and all messages.
--clear-cache: Clear the SDK Manager repository manifest cache.
-s --silent : Silent mode, shows errors only.
Action "list sdk":
Lists remote SDK repository.
Options:
-o --obsolete : Deprecated. Please use --all instead.
-a --all : Lists all available packages (including obsolete and
installed ones)
--proxy-host: HTTP/HTTPS proxy host (overrides settings if defined)
--proxy-port: HTTP/HTTPS proxy port (overrides settings if defined)
-s --no-https : Uses HTTP instead of HTTPS (the default) for downloads.
-e --extended : Displays extended details on each package
-u --no-ui : Displays list result on console (no GUI) [Default: true]
这对我不起作用...
echo "y" | android ....
所以我最终来到了这里:
expect -c '
set timeout -1 ;
spawn sudo /opt/android-sdk/tools/android update sdk -u;
expect {
"Do you accept the license" { exp_send "y\r" ; exp_continue }
eof
}
'
我使用它在 Travis CI 上安装和更新 SDK:
curl --location http://dl.google.com/android/android-sdk_r22.3-linux.tgz | tar -x -z -C $HOME
export ANDROID_HOME=$HOME/android-sdk-linux
export PATH=$PATH:$ANDROID_HOME/tools:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools
( sleep 5 && while [ 1 ]; do sleep 1; echo y; done ) | android update sdk --no-ui --filter platform-tool,android-19,sysimg-19,build-tools-19.0.1
要使用“y”回答所有许可证,您可以在脚本中尝试:
(while :
do
echo 'y'
sleep 2
done) | android update sdk -u .....
对于仍在寻找下载所有 Android 软件包的方法的任何人,我已经编写了一个脚本来做到这一点。它将下载所有未过时的软件包。
#!/binbash
# Install all non-obsolete Android SDK packages.
# author: Tai Le Tien (letientai299 at gmail.com)
function install_sdk {
android update sdk -u -s -a -t "$1"
}
function fetch_non_obsoled_package_indices {
# Fetch the SDK list using non-https connections
android list sdk -u -s -a |\
# Filter obsoleted packages
sed '/\(Obsolete\)/d' |\
# Filter to take only the index number of package
sed 's/^[ ]*\([0-9]*\).*/\1/' |\
# Remove the empty lines
sed -n 's/^[^ $]/\0/p'
}
for package_index in $(fetch_non_obsoled_package_indices)
do
echo "====================================================================="
echo "Start to install package: ${package_index}"
echo "====================================================================="
# Auto accept license
echo -e "y" | install_sdk "${package_index}"
echo
echo
done
您也可以在我的 GitHub repository 上看到它
好的:
不依赖于期望。
无头。
缺点:
您仍然必须手动安装基本 SDK,并将 android 放入您的路径。
该脚本仅适用于 Unix。
在较新的 Android 版本(例如,25.2.5)中,我们应该使用 sdkmanager
(而不是 android
命令)。
安装包示例:
android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager "extras;android;m2repository"
获取所有可用软件包列表的命令:
android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager --verbose --list
This web-page 列出了 SDK 工具的下载链接:
这是一个开源存储库 docker-android 的链接,它可以在 Docker 映像中安装 android。
您可能还会发现 this SO question: Automatically accept all SDK licences 中的答案很有用。
从 Android Plugin for Gradle 版本 2.2.0 开始,缺少 SDK 组件 get downloaded automatically。
我也对此感到沮丧,并构建了一个名为 com.quittle.setup-android-sdk
的 Gradle 插件,它将检测并安装您需要的东西。它适用于 Windows、OS X 和 Linux,如果您使用 Gradle 构建,则不需要任何额外的依赖项。
如果您有兴趣,可以在此处查看我的文档:https://github.com/quittle/gradle-setup-android-sdk
要在 Windows 上自动化 sdkmanager.bat --licenses
提示(假设您正在通过自动化安装构建基础架构)...不要运行它。不要浪费时间试图弄清楚如何将 y
导入其中。我试过了;惨败。
而是 - 自己运行一次,并注意它会在 C:\android\android-sdk\licenses
中生成文件(您正在运行 C:\android\android-sdk\tools\bin\sdkmanager.bat
- 您的安装根目录可能会有所不同)。
获取这些文件,并将它们放置在您可以从自动设置脚本中获取它们的位置。就个人而言,Ansible 是我的毒药,所以:
# Note to future-us:
# These are magical files generated by running `c:/android/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager.bat --licenses`
# This, delightfully, is interactive, and wants to _actually_ read the keyboard buffer.
# That's reputedly possible via SendKeys. I elected to not try that.
# So, instead:
# 1) remote to an instance like a cave-dweller
# 2) run `c:/android/android-sdk/tools/bin/sdkmanager.bat --licenses` in a prompt.
# 3) _actually type_ `y` however many godforsaken times you need to.
# 4) meticulously harvest `c:/android/android-sdk/licenses/*` to this task.
# (you don't need the newline that they thoughtfully put before the hash in each file).
- name: set up android licenses by hand
win_lineinfile:
path: c:/android/android-sdk/licenses/{{ item.name }}
line: "{{ item.line }}"
create: true
with_items:
- {name: "android-googletv-license", line: "SOME HASH"}
- {name: "android-sdk-license", line: "SOME OTHER HASH"}
...
仅下载所需的非 {obsolete, source, emulator-image, doc} 包的脚本:
#!/bin/bash
set -e
# cd into where tools/android can be found
if [[ -d "$ANDROID_HOME" ]]; then
cd "$ANDROID_HOME"
elif [[ -x "$(dirname "$0")/tools/android" ]]; then
cd "$(dirname "$0")"
else
echo "FAILED: Cannot find ANDROID_HOME/tools/android"
exit 1
fi
android () {
"$(dirname $0)/tools/android" "$@"
}
needed_packages () {
android list sdk -u -s -e \
| grep '^id:' \
| cut -d'"' -f2 \
| grep -v 'source' \
| grep -v 'sys-img' \
| grep -v 'doc' \
| paste -d, -s -
}
main () {
(while : ; do
echo 'y'
sleep 1
done) | android update sdk -u -s -a -t "$(needed_packages)"
}
main
有些部分取自其他答案。
对于新手 Android 开发人员,但经验丰富的 Java 开发人员,即使您克服了之前答案中的所有噩梦,也很难知道哪些依赖项。
由于上述噩梦,我的一位同事建议我使用 Android Studio(它基于 IntelliJ IDEA :-)特别是。
我听从了他的建议。
但我不接受安装的默认值,并尝试将其安装在我的软件驱动器中。原来是一场噩梦。 SDK 对话似乎挂起,根本不直观。这就是我最终来到这里的原因。
看完上面的内容,我又给了 Studio 一次尝试,这次它接受了安装的所有默认值。
嘿 PRESTO ...它在没有提示的情况下在几个对话中处理了所有 SDK 依赖项(我猜是核心依赖项),即 Ctrl + Shift + S 和 SDK。
因此,我会向新手推荐它。这是下载时布丁的证明:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/xyGPT.png
我下载并安装的 Studio 版本:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/UgxFP.png
窗户版本:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/juSiF.png
在它做了好事之后:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/KjsFO.png
Error: Ignoring unknown package filter 'tools'
或Error: Ignoring unknown package filter 'android-17'
。--accept-license
标志。同时您可以echo "y" | android update sdk --no--ui