Switching between Android Navigation Drawer image and Up caret when using fragments

It's easy as 1-2-3.

If you want to achieve:

1) Drawer Indicator - when no fragments are in the Back Stack or the Drawer is opened

2) Arrow - when some Fragments are in the Back Stack

private FragmentManager.OnBackStackChangedListener
        mOnBackStackChangedListener = new FragmentManager.OnBackStackChangedListener() {
    @Override
    public void onBackStackChanged() {
        syncActionBarArrowState();
    }
};

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    getSupportActionBar().setDisplayShowHomeEnabled(true);
    getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
    mDrawerToggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(
            this,             
            mDrawerLayout,  
            R.drawable.ic_navigation_drawer, 
            0, 
            0  
    ) {

        public void onDrawerClosed(View view) {
            syncActionBarArrowState();
        }

        public void onDrawerOpened(View drawerView) {
            mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(true);
        }
    };

    mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(mDrawerToggle);
    getSupportFragmentManager().addOnBackStackChangedListener(mOnBackStackChangedListener);
}

@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    getSupportFragmentManager().removeOnBackStackChangedListener(mOnBackStackChangedListener);
    super.onDestroy();
}

private void syncActionBarArrowState() {
    int backStackEntryCount = 
        getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount();
    mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(backStackEntryCount == 0);
}

3) Both indicators to act according to their shape

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    if (mDrawerToggle.isDrawerIndicatorEnabled() && 
        mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
        return true;
    } else if (item.getItemId() == android.R.id.home && 
               getSupportFragmentManager().popBackStackImmediate()) {
        return true;
    } else {
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

P.S. See Creating a Navigation Drawer on Android Developers on other tips about the 3-lines indicator behavior.

You have written that, to implement lower-level fragments, you are replacing the existing fragment, as opposed to implementing the lower-level fragment in a new activity.

I would think that you would then have to implement the back functionality manually: when the user pressed back you have code that pops the stack (e.g. in Activity::onBackPressed override). So, wherever you do that, you can reverse the setDrawerIndicatorEnabled.

I've used next thing:

getSupportFragmentManager().addOnBackStackChangedListener(new FragmentManager.OnBackStackChangedListener() {
            @Override
            public void onBackStackChanged() {
                if(getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0){
                    mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(false);
                    getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
                }
                else {
                    getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(false);
                    mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(true);
                }
            }
        });

If your up action bar button doesn't work, don't forget to add the listener :

// Navigation back icon listener
mDrawerToggle.setToolbarNavigationClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            onBackPressed();
        }
});

I've got some trouble implementing a drawer navigation with a home button, everything worked except the action buton.

Try handling the Home item selection in the MainActivity depending on the state of the DrawerToggle. This way you don't have to add same code to every fragment.

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    // Only handle with DrawerToggle if the drawer indicator is enabled.
    if (mDrawerToggle.isDrawerIndicatorEnabled() &&
            mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
        return true;
    }
    // Handle action buttons
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
        // Handle home button in non-drawer mode
        case android.R.id.home:
            onBackPressed();
            return true;

        default:
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

FOLLOW UP

The solution given by @dzeikei is neat, but it can be extended, when using fragments, to automatically handle setting back the drawer indicator when the backstack is empty.

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    // Only handle with DrawerToggle if the drawer indicator is enabled.
    if (mDrawerToggle.isDrawerIndicatorEnabled() &&
            mDrawerToggle.onOptionsItemSelected(item)) {
        return true;
    }
    // Handle action buttons
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
        // Handle home button in non-drawer mode
        case android.R.id.home:
            // Use getSupportFragmentManager() to support older devices
            FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
            fragmentManager.popBackStack();
            // Make sure transactions are finished before reading backstack count
            fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
            if (fragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount() < 1){
                mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(true);  
            }
            return true;

        default:
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }
}

EDIT

For the question of @JJD.

The fragments are held/managed in an activity. The above code is written once in that activity, but only handle the up caret for the onOptionsItemSelected.

In one of my apps I also needed to handle the behavior of the up caret when the back button was pressed. This can be handle by overriding onBackPressed.

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    // Use getSupportFragmentManager() to support older devices
    FragmentManager fragmentManager = getFragmentManager();
    fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
    if (fragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount() < 1){
        super.onBackPressed();
    } else {
        fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
        fragmentManager.popBackStack();
        fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
        if (fragmentManager.getBackStackEntryCount() < 1){
            mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(true);
        }
    }
};

Note the code duplication between onOptionsItemSelected and onBackPressed which can be avoided by creating a method and calling that method in both places.

Also note I add two more times executePendingTransactions which in my case was required or else I had sometimes strange behaviors of the up caret.

I created an interface for the hosting activity to update the view state of the hamburger menu. For top level fragments I set the toggle to true and for fragments for which I want to display the up < arrow I set the toggle to false.

public class SomeFragment extends Fragment {

    public interface OnFragmentInteractionListener {
        public void showDrawerToggle(boolean showDrawerToggle);
    }

    private OnFragmentInteractionListener mListener;

    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);
        try {
            this.mListener = (OnFragmentInteractionListener) activity;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString() + " must implement OnFragmentInteractionListener");
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        mListener.showDrawerToggle(false);
    }
}

Then in my Activity ...

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements SomeFragment.OnFragmentInteractionListener {

    private ActionBarDrawerToggle mDrawerToggle;

    public void showDrawerToggle(boolean showDrawerIndicator) {
        mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(showDrawerIndicator);
    }

}

This answer was working but there was a little problem with it. The getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(false) was not called explicitly and it was causing drawer icon to be hidden even when there were no items in the backstack so changing the setActionBarArrowDependingOnFragmentsBackStack() method worked for me.

private void setActionBarArrowDependingOnFragmentsBackStack() {
        int backStackEntryCount = getSupportFragmentManager()
                .getBackStackEntryCount();
        // If there are no items in the back stack
        if (backStackEntryCount == 0) {
            // Please make sure that UP CARAT is Hidden otherwise Drawer icon
            // wont display
            getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(false);
            // Display the Drawer Icon
            mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(true);
        } else {
            // Show the Up carat
            getSupportActionBar().setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
            // Hide the Drawer Icon
            mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(false);
        }

    }

Logic is clear. Show back button if fragment back stack is clear. Show material hamburger-back animation if fragment stack is not clear.

getSupportFragmentManager().addOnBackStackChangedListener(
    new FragmentManager.OnBackStackChangedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onBackStackChanged() {
            syncActionBarArrowState();
        }
    }
);


private void syncActionBarArrowState() {
    int backStackEntryCount = getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount();
    mNavigationDrawerFragment.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(backStackEntryCount == 0);
}

//add these in Your NavigationDrawer fragment class

public void setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(boolean flag){
    ActionBar actionBar = getActionBar();
    if (!flag) {
        mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(false);
        actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
        mDrawerToggle.setHomeAsUpIndicator(getColoredArrow());
    } else {
        mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(true);
    }
    mDrawerToggle.syncState();
    getActivity().supportInvalidateOptionsMenu();
}

//download back button from this(https://www.google.com/design/icons/) website and add to your project

private Drawable getColoredArrow() {
    Drawable arrowDrawable = ContextCompat.getDrawable(getActivity(), R.drawable.ic_arrow_back_black_24dp);
    Drawable wrapped = DrawableCompat.wrap(arrowDrawable);

    if (arrowDrawable != null && wrapped != null) {
        // This should avoid tinting all the arrows
        arrowDrawable.mutate();
        DrawableCompat.setTint(wrapped, Color.GRAY);
    }
    return wrapped;
}

If you take a look at the GMAIL app and come here to search for the carret/affordance icon..

I would ask you to do this, none of the above answer was clear. i was able to modify the accepted answer.

NavigationDrawer --> Listview contains subfragments.

subfragments will be listed like this

firstFragment == position 0 ---> this will have subfragments --> fragment

secondFragment

thirdFragment and so forth....

In firstFragment you have other fragment.

Call this on DrawerActivity

getFragmentManager().addOnBackStackChangedListener(new FragmentManager.OnBackStackChangedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onBackStackChanged() {
            if (getFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
                mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(false);
            } else {
                mDrawerToggle.setDrawerIndicatorEnabled(true);
            }
        }
    });

and in fragment

    setHasOptionsMenu(true);    

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    // Get item selected and deal with it
    switch (item.getItemId()) {
        case android.R.id.home:
            //called when the up affordance/carat in actionbar is pressed
            activity.onBackPressed();
            return true;
    }
    return false;
}

On the OnBackPressed Drawer activity method set the drawer toggle to true to enable navigation list icon again.

Thanks, Pusp

You can look at this little example! https://github.com/oskarko/NavDrawerExample

IMO, using onNavigateUp() (as shown here) in riwnodennyk's or Tom's solution is cleaner and seems to work better. Just replace the onOptionsItemSelected code with this:

@Override
public boolean onSupportNavigateUp() {
    if (getSupportFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
        // handle up navigation
        return true;
    } else {
        return super.onSupportNavigateUp();
    }
}