我正在使用 python3.3 并且在尝试腌制一个简单的字典时遇到了一个神秘的错误。
这是代码:
import os
import pickle
from pickle import *
os.chdir('c:/Python26/progfiles/')
def storvars(vdict):
f = open('varstor.txt','w')
pickle.dump(vdict,f,)
f.close()
return
mydict = {'name':'john','gender':'male','age':'45'}
storvars(mydict)
我得到:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:/Python26/test18.py", line 31, in <module>
storvars(mydict)
File "C:/Python26/test18.py", line 14, in storvars
pickle.dump(vdict,f,)
TypeError: must be str, not bytes
输出文件需要以二进制模式打开:
f = open('varstor.txt','w')
需要是:
f = open('varstor.txt','wb')
只是有同样的问题。在 Python 3 中,必须指定二进制模式“wb”、“rb”,而在 Python 2x 中,不需要它们。当您学习基于 Python 2x 的教程时,这就是您在这里的原因。
import pickle
class MyUser(object):
def __init__(self,name):
self.name = name
user = MyUser('Peter')
print("Before serialization: ")
print(user.name)
print("------------")
serialized = pickle.dumps(user)
filename = 'serialized.native'
with open(filename,'wb') as file_object:
file_object.write(serialized)
with open(filename,'rb') as file_object:
raw_data = file_object.read()
deserialized = pickle.loads(raw_data)
print("Loading from serialized file: ")
user2 = deserialized
print(user2.name)
print("------------")
pickle.dump()
和pickle.load()
的 docs 中提到了“二进制”读/写的需要。这两个地方,这只是在函数解释的中间附近顺便提到的。有人应该更清楚地说明这一点。