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How do I create an HTML button that acts like a link?

How do I create an HTML button that acts like a link? So that clicking the button redirects the user to a page.

I want it to be accessible, and with minimal extra characters or parameters in the URL.

Change GET to POST. Nobody seems to have addressed the OP's first problem, which was the ? on the URL. This is caused by the form being type="GET", change this to type="POST" and the ? at the end of the URL disappears. This is because GET sends all variables in the URL, hence the ?.
@redfox05 This works in a context where you are not strict about which method you accept for your pages. In a context where you reject posts on pages that are expecting GET it will fail. I still think that using a link make sense with the caveat that it will not react to "spacebar" when active like button does. Also some style and behavior will be different (such as draggable). If you want the true "button-link" experience, having server side redirects for URL finishing by ? to remove it might be also an option.
cssbuttongenerator.com might come in handy if you want to create a button with css.
I think it is better iade to create a link that looks like a button
Just a note, for me "button acts like link" means, that I can do right-click and decide whether to open in new tab/window, which is not working with JS solutions...

S
Sumit

HTML

The plain HTML way is to put it in a <form> wherein you specify the desired target URL in the action attribute.

<form action="https://google.com">
    <input type="submit" value="Go to Google" />
</form>

If necessary, set CSS display: inline; on the form to keep it in the flow with the surrounding text. Instead of <input type="submit"> in above example, you can also use <button type="submit">. The only difference is that the <button> element allows children.

You'd intuitively expect to be able to use <button href="https://google.com"> analogous with the <a> element, but unfortunately no, this attribute does not exist according to HTML specification.

CSS

If CSS is allowed, simply use an <a> which you style to look like a button using among others the appearance property (it's only not supported in Internet Explorer).

a.button { -webkit-appearance: button; -moz-appearance: button; appearance: button; text-decoration: none; color: initial; } Go to Google

Or pick one of those many CSS libraries like Bootstrap.

<a href="https://google.com" class="btn btn-primary">Go to Google</a>

JavaScript

If JavaScript is allowed, set the window.location.href.

<input type="button" onclick="location.href='https://google.com';" value="Go to Google" />

Instead of <input type="button"> in above example, you can also use <button>. The only difference is that the <button> element allows children.


Simple and nice. A fine solution. Add display: inline to the form to keep the button in the flow.
in safari, this adds a question mark to the end of the url...is there a way to do it that doesn't add anything to the url?
@BalusC Nice solution, but if it is inside some other form (parent form), then pressing this button redirects to address in the parent's form action attribute.
Is it just me or is the
Looks simple and nice, but may have side effects if not considered properly. i.e. creating 2nd form in page, nested form etc.
B
Boiethios

Note that the type="button" attribute is important, since its missing value default is the Submit Button state.


It seems that if you don't specify type="button" this won't always work. Looks like the button will default to "submit"
If you want to open the link in a new window/tab use: onclick="window.open('example.com','_blank');"
@kenitech correct, according to specs: "The missing value default is the Submit Button state."
but user cannot right click open in new tab, for that to work , u need the anchor tag
Please don't do this. It breaks so many things such as the right-click context menu for links.
B
Bern

If it's the visual appearance of a button you're looking for in a basic HTML anchor tag then you can use the Twitter Bootstrap framework to format any of the following common HTML type links/buttons to appear as a button. Please note the visual differences between version 2, 3 or 4 of the framework:

<a class="btn" href="">Link</a>
<button class="btn" type="submit">Button</button>
<input class="btn" type="button" value="Input">
<input class="btn" type="submit" value="Submit">

Bootstrap (v4) sample appearance:

https://i.stack.imgur.com/ytswI.gif

Bootstrap (v3) sample appearance:

https://i.stack.imgur.com/pXgPr.png

Bootstrap (v2) sample appearance:

https://i.stack.imgur.com/bMTDv.gif


Seems a little overkill for styling a single button, no? With border, padding, background, and other CSS effects you can style buttons and links to look similar without bringing over an entire framework. The methodology Bootstrap uses is good, however using Bootstrap seems excessive.
H
Hagyn

Use:

<a href="http://www.stackoverflow.com/">
    <button>Click me</button>
</a>

Unfortunately, this markup is no longer valid in HTML5 and will neither validate nor always work as potentially expected. Use another approach.


thank you so much for this simple answer.
P
Peter Mortensen

As of HTML5, buttons support the formaction attribute. Best of all, no JavaScript or trickery is needed.

Caveats

Must be surrounded by

tags.

The

P
Peter Mortensen

If you are using an inside form, add the attribute type="reset" along with the button element. It will prevent the form action.

<button type="reset" onclick="location.href='http://www.example.com'">
    www.example.com
</button>

Only if you want it to reset your form. Use type="button"
the only issue with this is inline JS is considered bad form and sometimes violates CSP's
C
Community

There seems to be three solutions to this problem (all with pros and cons).

Solution 1: Button in a form.

<form method="get" action="/page2">
    <button type="submit">Continue</button>
</form>

But the problem with this is that in some version of popular browsers such as Chrome, Safari and Internet Explorer, it adds a question mark character to the end of the URL. So in other words for the code above your URL will end up looking like this:

http://someserver/pages2?

There is one way to fix this, but it will require server-side configuration. One example using Apache Mod_rewrite would be to redirect all requests with a trailing ? to their corresponding URL without the ?. Here is an example using .htaccess, but there is a full thread here:

RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} \?\ HTTP [NC]
RewriteRule ^/?(index\.cfm)? /? [R=301,L]

Similar configurations can vary depending on the webserver and stack used. So a summary of this approach:

Pros:

This is a real button, and semantically it makes sense. Since it is a real button, it will also act like a real button (e.g. draggable behavior and/or mimic a click when pressing space bar when active). No JavaScript, no complex style required.

Cons:

Trailing ? looks ugly in some browsers. This can be fixed by a hack (in some cases) using POST instead of GET, but the clean way is to have a server-side redirect. The downside with the server side redirect is that it will cause an extra HTTP call for these links because of the 304 redirect. Adds extra element Element positioning when using multiple forms can be tricky and becomes even worse when dealing with responsive designs. Some layout can become impossible to achieve with this solution depending on the order of the elements. This can end up impacting usability if the design is impacted by this challenge.

Solution 2: Using JavaScript.

You can use JavaScript to trigger onclick and other events to mimic the behavior of a link using a button. The example below could be improve and remove from the HTML, but it is there simply to illustrate the idea:

<button onclick="window.location.href='/page2'">Continue</button>

Pros:

Simple (for basic requirement) and keep semantic while not requiring an extra form. Since it is a real button, it will also act like a real button (e.g. draggable behavior and/or mimic a click when pressing space bar when active).

Cons:

Requires JavaScript which means less accessible. This is not ideal for a base (core) element such as a link.

Solution 3: Anchor (link) styled like a button.

Styling a link like a button is relatively easy and can provide similar experience across different browsers. Bootstrap does this, but it is also easy to achieve on your own using simple styles.

Pros:

Simple (for basic requirement) and good cross-browser support. Does not need a to work. Does not need JavaScript to work.

Cons:

Semantic is sort of broken, because you want a button that acts like a link and not a link that acts like a button. It will not reproduce all behaviors of solution #1. It will not support the same behavior as button. For example, links react differently when dragged. Also the "space bar" link trigger will not work without some extra JavaScript code. It will add a lot of complexity since browsers are not consistent on how they support keypress events on buttons.

Conclusion

Solution #1 (Button in a form) seems like the most transparent for users with minimal work required. If your layout is not impacted by this choice and the server side tweak is feasible, this is a good option for cases where accessibility is the top priority (e.g. links on an error page or error messages).

If JavaScript is not an obstacle to your accessibility requirements, then solution #2 (JavaScript) would be preferred over #1 and #3.

If for some reason, accessibility is vital (JavaScript is not an option) but you are in a situation where your design and/or your server configuration is preventing you from using option #1, then solution #3 (Anchor styled like a button) is a good alternative solve this problem with minimal usability impact.


P
Peter Mortensen

You can simply put a tag around the element:

<a href="http://google.com" target="_blank">
    <button>My Button</button>
</a>

https://jsfiddle.net/hj6gob8b/


No, you can't. HTML forbids nesting <button> inside <a>.
This is essentially the same as this answer from years earlier.
If it forbids it then why does it work? :) No serious developer takes heed to everything W3C validator says...try passing Facebook or Google or any huge website through there...The web isn't waiting for anyone
@UriahsVictor It may work today, but one day browser vendors may decide to change the behavior as it isn't valid.
@UriahsVictor Flash and Java applets were pretty common too.
P
Peter Mortensen

Just place your button inside of a reference tag, e.g.,

<a href="https://www.google.com/"><button>Next</button></a>

This seems to work perfectly for me and does not add any %20 tags to the link, just how you want it. I have used a link to Google to demonstrate.

You could of course wrap this in a form tag, but it is not necessary.

When linking another local file, just put it in the same folder and add the file name as the reference. Or specify the location of the file if in is not in the same folder.

<a href="myOtherFile"><button>Next</button></a>

This does not add any character onto the end of the URL either, however it does have the files project path as the URL before ending with the name of the file. e.g

If my project structure was...

.. denotes a folder \

denotes a file while four | denote a sub directory or file in parent folder

..public |||| ..html |||| |||| -main.html |||| |||| -secondary.html

If I open file main.html, the URL would be,

http://localhost:0000/public/html/main.html?_ijt=i7ms4v9oa7blahblahblah

However, when I clicked the button inside main.html to change to secondary.html, the URL would be,

http://localhost:0000/public/html/secondary.html

No special characters are included at the end of the URL.

By the way - (%20 denotes a space in a URL it encoded and inserted in the place of them.)

Note: The localhost:0000 will obviously not be 0000. You'll have your own port number there.

Furthermore, the ?_ijt=xxxxxxxxxxxxxx at the end of the main.html URL, x is determined by your own connection, so obviously it will not be equal to mine.

It might seem like I'm stating some really basic points, but I just want to explain as best as I can.


T
TylerH

If you want to avoid having to use a form or an input and you're looking for a button-looking link, you can create good-looking button links with a div wrapper, an anchor and an h1 tag. You'd potentially want this so you can freely place the link-button around your page. This is especially useful for horizontally centering buttons and having vertically-centered text inside of them. Here's how:

Your button will be comprised of three nested pieces: a div wrapper, an anchor, and an h1, like so:

.link-button-wrapper { width: 200px; height: 40px; box-shadow: inset 0px 1px 0px 0px #ffffff; border-radius: 4px; background-color: #097BC0; box-shadow: 0px 2px 4px gray; display: block; border:1px solid #094BC0; } .link-button-wrapper > a { display: inline-table; cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; height: 100%; width:100%; } .link-button-wrapper > a > h1 { margin: 0 auto; display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; color: #f7f8f8; font-size: 18px; font-family: cabinregular; text-align: center; }

Here's a jsFiddle to check it out and play around with it.

Benefits of this setup: 1. Making the div wrapper display: block makes it easy to center (using margin: 0 auto) and position (while an is inline and harder to positionand not possible to center).

You could just make the display:block, move it around, and style it as a button, but then vertically aligning text inside of it becomes hard. This allows you to make the display: inline-table and the

display: table-cell, which allows you to use vertical-align: middle on the

and center it vertically (which is always nice on a button). Yes, you could use padding, but if you want your button to dynamically resize, that won't be as clean. Sometimes when you embed an within a div, only the text is clickable, this setup makes the whole button clickable. You don't have to deal with forms if you're just trying to move to another page. Forms are meant for inputting information, and they should be reserved for that. Allows you to cleanly separte the button styling and text styling from each other (stretch advantage? Sure, but CSS can get nasty-looking so it's nice to decompose it).

It definitely made my life easier styling a mobile website for variable-sized screens.


You actually get a reasonable button without any CSS at all

P
Peter Mortensen

The only way to do this (except for BalusC's ingenious form idea!) is by adding a JavaScript onclick event to the button, which is not good for accessibility.

Have you considered styling a normal link like a button? You can't achieve OS specific buttons that way, but it's still the best way IMO.


I think he is talking about not only functionality (click) but also appearance.
@Web Logic yup, that's why I'm talking about styling the link to look like a button.
@ChrisMarisic there's many downsides to using onClick: it doesn't work with JS turned off; the user can't open a link in a new tab/window, nor copy the link into their clipboard for sharing; parsers and bots won't be able to recognize and follow the link; browsers with a "prefetch" feature won't recognize the link; and many more.
While those are valid points, I don't really think that really address accessibility. Did you mean usability, not accessibility? In web development accessibility is usually reserved to be specifically about whether users who have visual impairments can operate your application well.
P
Peter Mortensen

Going along with what a few others have added, you can go wild with just using a simple CSS class with no PHP, no jQuery code, just simple HTML and CSS.

Create a CSS class and add it to your anchor. The code is below.

.button-link {
    height:60px;
    padding: 10px 15px;
    background: #4479BA;
    color: #FFF;
    -webkit-border-radius: 4px;
    -moz-border-radius: 4px;
    border-radius: 4px;
    border: solid 1px #20538D;
    text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4), 0 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}
.button-link:hover {
    background: #356094;
    border: solid 1px #2A4E77;
    text-decoration: none;
}
<HTML>
    <a class="button-link" href="http://www.go-some-where.com"
       target="_blank">Press Here to Go</a>

That is it. It is very easy to do and lets you be as creative as you'd like. You control the colors, the size, the shapes(radius), etc. For more details, see the site I found this on.


P
Peter Mortensen

Seven ways to do that:

Using window.location.href = 'URL' Using window.location.replace('URL') Using window.location = 'URL' Using window.open('URL') Using window.location.assign('URL') Using HTML form Using HTML anchor tag


Right answer! Simple 1-liner that works. Just use 1 of the onclick= options. HTML anchor tag isn't valid, suggest taking it out.
P
Peter Mortensen

To Nicolas' answer, the following worked for me as that answer didn't have type="button" due to which it started behaving as submit type...since I already have one submit type. It didn't work for me ... and now you can either add a class to the button or to <a> to get the required layout:

<a href="http://www.google.com/">
    <button type="button">Click here</button>
</a>

l
lukeocom

Another option is to create a link in the button:

<button type="button"><a href="yourlink.com">Link link</a></button>

Then use CSS to style the link and button, so that the link takes up the entire space within the button (so there's no miss-clicking by the user):

button, button a{position:relative;}
button a{top:0;left:0;bottom:0;right:0;}

I have created a demo here.

Keep in mind the spec says this is not valid as buttons should not contain any interactive descendants.


Keep in mind the spec says this is not valid as buttons should not contain any interactive descendants. w3.org/TR/2011/WD-html5-20110525/the-button-element.html
Both of you are correct. VS2015 flags this with a warning: "Element 'a' cannot be nested inside element 'button'" but it works with: IE11, Edge, Chrome, Firefox, Safari and at least some (perhaps all) mobile browsers currently. So don't use this technique but if you did in the past, it works for now ;)
Can you address the alleged failure to pass HTML validation in your answer? Please respond by changing your answer, not here in comments (without "Edit:", "Update:", or similar - the answer should appear as if it was written today).
P
Peter Mortensen

If you want to create a button that is used for a URL anywhere, create a button class for an anchor.

a.button {
    background-color: #999999;
    color: #FFFFFF !important;
    cursor: pointer;
    display: inline-block;
    font-weight: bold;
    padding: 5px 8px;
    text-align: center;
    -webkit-border-radius: 5px;
    border-radius: 5px;
}
.button:hover {
    text-decoration: none;
}

p
pseudosavant

I knew there have been a lot of answers submitted, but none of them seemed to really nail the problem. Here is my take at a solution:

Use the

method that the OP is starting with. This works really well, but it sometimes appends a ? to the URL. The ? is the main problem. This solution works without JavaScript enabled. The fallback will add a ? to the end of the URL though. If JavaScript is enabled then you can use jQuery/JavaScript to handle following the link, so that ? doesn't end up appended to the URL. It will seamlessly fallback to the method for the very small fraction of users who don't have JavaScript enabled. The JavaScript code uses event delegation so you can attach an event listener before the or


P
Peter Mortensen

Also you can use a button:

For example, in ASP.NET Core syntax:

// Some other tags
 <form method="post">
      <input asp-for="YourModelPropertyOrYourMethodInputName"
      value="@TheValue" type="hidden" />
      <button type="submit" class="link-button" formaction="/TheDestinationController/TheDestinationActionMethod">
      @(TextValue)
      </button>
  </form>
// Other tags...


<style>
       .link-button {
        background: none !important;
        border: none;
        padding: 0 !important;
        color: #20a8d8;
        cursor: pointer;
    }
</style>

P
Peter Mortensen

For HTML 5 and a styled button along with an image background


Doesn't validate. Pasting into validator.w3.org/nu/#textarea gives Error: The element input must not appear as a descendant of the a element.
P
Peter Mortensen

People who have answered using <a></a> attributes on a <button></button> was helpful.

But then recently, I encountered a problem when I used a link inside a <form></form>.

The button is now regarded like/as a submit button (HTML5). I've tried working a way around and have found this method.

Create a CSS style button like the one below:

.btn-style {
    border: solid 1px #0088cc;
    border-radius: 6px;
    moz-border-radius: 6px;
    -webkit-box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);
    -moz-box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1.0);
    font-size: 18px;
    color: #696869;
    padding: 1px 17px;
    background: #eeeeee;
    background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%, #eeeeee), color-stop(49%, #eeeeee), color-stop(72%, #cccccc), color-stop(100%, #eeeeee));
    background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, #eeeeee 0%, #eeeeee 49%, #cccccc 72%, #eeeeee 100%);
    background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #eeeeee 0%, #eeeeee 49%, #cccccc 72%, #eeeeee 100%);
    background: -o-linear-gradient(top, #eeeeee 0%, #eeeeee 49%, #cccccc 72%, #eeeeee 100%);
    background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, #eeeeee 0%, #eeeeee 49%, #cccccc 72%, #eeeeee 100%);
    background: linear-gradient(top, #eeeeee 0%, #eeeeee 49%, #cccccc 72%, #eeeeee 100%);
    filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr='#eeeeee', endColorstr='#eeeeee', GradientType=0);
}

Or create a new one here: CSS Button Generator

And then create your link with a class tag named after the CSS style you have made:

<a href='link.php' class='btn-style'>Link</a>

Here's a fiddle:

JSFiddle


Set the button type="button", that will allow you to click it without submitting the form.
P
Peter Mortensen

Create a button using the <a> tag and proper css

.abutton { background: #bada55; padding: 5px; border-radius: 5px; transition: 1s; text-decoration: none; color: black; } .abutton:hover { background: #2a2; } Continue


An explanation would be in order.
I'm not sure what needs to be explained. This is the right element for navigation, and styling is at the developer's discretion.
P
Peter Mortensen

You could also set the buttons type-property to "button" (it makes it not submit the form), and then nest it inside a link (makes it redirect the user).

This way you could have another button in the same form that does submit the form, in case that's needed. I also think this is preferable in most cases over setting the form method and action to be a link (unless it's a search-form I guess...)

Example:

This way the first button redirects the user, while the second submits the form.

Be careful to make sure the button doesn't trigger any action, as that will result in a conflict. Also as Arius pointed out, you should be aware that, for the above reason, this isn't strictly speaking considered valid HTML, according to the standard. It does however work as expected in Firefox and Chrome, but I haven't yet tested it for Internet Explorer.


Element 'button' cannot be nested within element 'a'.
according to the standard no, But in my experience this works fine though. Haven't cross-browser tested it extensively yet, but at least FF and Chrome seem to handle it just fine, with expected behaviour.
It's not about possibility. This is just against HTML5 specification and that's all.
Does this work with current (2021) browsers?
P
Peter Mortensen

You can use JavaScript:

Replace http://www.google.com with your website, and make sure to include http:// before the URL.


J
Joshua Michael Calafell

In JavaScript

setLocation(base: string) {
  window.location.href = base;
}

In HTML

<button onclick="setLocation('/<whatever>')>GO</button>"

P
Peter Mortensen

Type window.location and press Enter in your browser console. Then you can get the clear idea what location contains:

   hash: ""
   host: "stackoverflow.com"
   hostname: "stackoverflow.com"
   href: "https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2906582/how-to-create-an-html-button- 
   that-acts-like-a-link"
   origin: "https://stackoverflow.com"
   pathname: "/questions/2906582/how-to-create-an-html-button-that-acts-like-a-link"
   port: ""
   protocol: "https:"

You can set any value from here.

So for redirecting another page, you can set the href value with your link.

   window.location.href = your link

In your case:

   <button onclick="window.location.href='www.google.com'">Google</button>

P
Peter Mortensen

If you are using an SSL certificate:

<a href="https://www.google.com" target="_blank"><button>Click me !</button></a>

Why is it different using an SSL certificate?
P
Peter Mortensen

HTML Answer: If you want to create an HTML button that acts like a link, use the two common attributes for it: <a> and/or action="":

<form action="stackoverflow.com"/>
   <button type="submit" value="Submit Form"

Or...

"href" is part of the <a> attribute. It helps direct links:

<a href="stackoverflow.com">Href</a>