I am trying to create a git repository on my web host and clone it on my computer. Here's what I did:
I created a repository on the remote server. I generated a key pair: ssh-keygen -t dsa. I added my key to ssh-agent. I copied to the server public key in ~/.ssh.
And then, after an attempt to run the command git clone ssh://user@host/path-to-repository
, I get an error:
Unable to negotiate with XX.XXX.XX.XX: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-dss fatal: Could not read from remote repository. Please make sure you have the correct access rights and the repository exists.
What does that mean?
The recent openssh version deprecated DSA keys by default. You should suggest to your GIT provider to add some reasonable host key. Relying only on DSA is not a good idea.
As a workaround, you need to tell your ssh
client that you want to accept DSA host keys, as described in the official documentation for legacy usage. You have few possibilities, but I recommend to add these lines into your ~/.ssh/config
file:
Host your-remote-host
HostkeyAlgorithms +ssh-dss
Other possibility is to use environment variable GIT_SSH
to specify these options:
GIT_SSH_COMMAND="ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss" git clone ssh://user@host/path-to-repository
You can also add -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss
in your ssh line:
ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss user@host
For me this worked: (added into .ssh\config
)
Host *
HostkeyAlgorithms +ssh-dss
PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes +ssh-dss
yuor-host
is the host you are running the ssh
against. Setting unsafe default for all the hosts is always bad idea.
If you would like to contain this security hole to a single repo, you can add a config option to any Git repos that need this by running this command in those repos. (Note: only works with git version >= 2.10, released 2016-09-04)
git config core.sshCommand 'ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss'
This only works after the repo is setup, however. If you're not comfortable adding a remote manually (and just want to clone), then you can run the clone like this:
GIT_SSH_COMMAND='ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss' git clone ssh://user@host/path-to-repository
Then run the first command to make it permanent.
If you don't have the latest Git and still would like to keep the hole as local as possible, I recommend putting
export GIT_SSH_COMMAND='ssh -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-dss'
in a file somewhere, say git_ssh_allow_dsa_keys.sh
, and source
ing it when needed.
I want to collaborate a little with the solution for the server side. So, the server is saying it does not support DSA, this is because the openssh client does not activate it by default:
OpenSSH 7.0 and greater similarly disable the ssh-dss (DSA) public key algorithm. It too is weak and we recommend against its use.
So, to fix this this in the server side I should activate other Key algorithms like RSA o ECDSA. I just had this problem with a server in a lan. I suggest the following:
Update the openssh:
yum update openssh-server
Merge new configurations in the sshd_config if there is a sshd_config.rpmnew.
Verify there are hosts keys at /etc/ssh/. If not generate new ones, see man ssh-keygen
.
$ ll /etc/ssh/
total 580
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 553185 Mar 3 2017 moduli
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1874 Mar 3 2017 ssh_config
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Apr 17 17:56 ssh_config.d
-rw-------. 1 root root 3887 Mar 3 2017 sshd_config
-rw-r-----. 1 root ssh_keys 227 Aug 30 15:33 ssh_host_ecdsa_key
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 162 Aug 30 15:33 ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
-rw-r-----. 1 root ssh_keys 387 Aug 30 15:33 ssh_host_ed25519_key
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 82 Aug 30 15:33 ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
-rw-r-----. 1 root ssh_keys 1675 Aug 30 15:33 ssh_host_rsa_key
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 382 Aug 30 15:33 ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
Verify in the /etc/ssh/sshd_config the HostKey configuration. It should allow the configuration of RSA and ECDSA. (If all of them are commented by default it will allow too the RSA, see in man sshd_config
the part of HostKey).
# HostKey for protocol version 1
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_key
# HostKeys for protocol version 2
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
For the client side, create a key for ssh (not a DSA like in the question) by just doing this:
ssh-keygen
After this, because there are more options than ssh-dss(DSA) the client openssh (>=v7) should connect with RSA or better algorithm.
This is my first question answered, I welcome suggestions :D .
In my case for bitbucket, the following worked.
Host yourhost(ex: bitbucket.com)
User git
PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms +ssh-rsa
HostkeyAlgorithms +ssh-rsa
You either follow above approach or this one
Create the config file in the .ssh directory and add these line.
host xxx.xxx
Hostname xxx.xxx
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
User xxx
KexAlgorithms +diffie-hellman-group1-sha1
Success story sharing
PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes +ssh-rsa,ssh-dss
if you want your key to be accepted when doinggit fetch
etc