Auto select file in Solution Explorer from its open tab

Another option is to bind 'View.TrackActivityInSolutionExplorer' to a keyboard short-cut, which is the same as 'Tools-->Options-->Projects and Solutions-->Track Active Item in Solution Explorer'

If you activate the short-cut twice the file is selected in the solution explorer, and the tracking is disabled again.

Visual Studio 2013+

There is now a feature built in to the VS2013 solution explorer called Sync with Active Document. The icon is two arrows in the solution explorer, and has the hotkey Ctrl + [, S to show the current document in the solution explorer. Does not enable the automatic setting mentioned above, and only happens once.

I don't know if you can do it on-demand, but you can enable the option "Track Active Item in Solution Explorer" (Tools->Options->Projects and Solutions->General) which will always select the active tab item in the solution explorer.

If you're using the ReSharper plugin, you can do that using the Shift + Alt + L shortcut or navigate via menu as shown.

https://i.stack.imgur.com/68LTL.png

This isn't exactly what you're looking for, but it would automatically select the "active" file in the Solution Explorer:

Tools-->Options-->Projects and Solutions-->Track Active Item in Solution Explorer.

The best option now is to install the Microsoft Visual Studio add on called Productivity Power Tools.

With this comes "Solution Navigator" (alternative to Solution Explorer, with a lot of benefits) - which then you can use to filter the files to only show "Open". You can even filter files to show "Edited" and "Unsaved".

simply Tools--> Options--> Projects and Solutions--> Track Active Item in Solution Explorer

It's in VS2012 - Specifically the 2-Arrow icon at the top of the solution explorer (Left/Right arrows, one above the other). This automatically jumps to the current file.

This icon is only visible if you've got Track Active Item in Solution Explorer disabled.

In Visual Studio 2012, the same can be done using the "Sync With Active Document" option in Solution Explorer

https://i.stack.imgur.com/av9LP.png

The Tab Studio plugin adds "select in solution explorer" to the right click menu on tabs.

I've put in a feature request for this very feature. Although I know this isn't an answer in itself it is a step in the direction of being able to get this feature implemented. Any votes it it may help to get Microsoft's attention.

As far as I'm aware of though there is no way to do this other than possibly writing a macro or creating your own add-in/extension to Visual Studio.

There's a very nice extension to VS2010, which does exactly this: Solution Explorer Tools.

This extension adds a button which selects the current file in the solution explorer, as well as convenient buttons for collapsing and expanding projects.

That's the screenshot of the answer for your question.