Build and run Dockerfile with one command

If you want to avoid tagging, docker build -q outputs nothing but the final image hash, which you can use as the argument to docker run:

docker run -it $(docker build -q .)

And add --rm to docker run if you want the container removed automatically when it exits.

docker run --rm -it $(docker build -q .)

No, there is no single command. But if you tag your image as you build it, it will be easier to run:

docker build -t foo . && docker run -it foo

I use docker-compose for this convenience since most of the apps I'm building are talking to external services sooner or later, so if I'm going to use it anyway, why not use it from the start. Just have docker-compose.yml as:

version: "3"
services:
  app:
    build: .

and then just run the app with:

docker-compose up --build app

It will rebuild the image or reuse the container depending on whether there were changes made to the image definition.

Recently I started getting a promo message about using docker scan after every build.

Use 'docker scan' to run Snyk tests against images to find vulnerabilities and learn how to fix them

Here's what I used to do:

docker build -q .

and here's what is working now:

docker build -q . | head -n1

If you use Makefile, I find this snippet useful:

build:
    @docker build . | tee .buildlog

bash: build
    @docker run --rm -it $(shell grep "Successfully built" .buildlog | cut -d ' ' -f 3) /bin/bash

You don't need tagging, like in @jonathon-reinhart answer, but you also get the build output.

You can also do docker build and pipe image name which it outputs to docker run:

docker build . | tail -n1 | cut -d' ' -f3 | xargs -I{} docker run {}

docker build will give you multi-line text ... Successfully built 18e77bc0d83a

you get the last line with tail -n1

split by ' ' and get 3rd word with cut -d' ' -f3

pass it as argument to run with xargs -I{} docker run {}

For anyone looking for a reusable solution, you could install this docker plugin which i created: https://github.com/stasmihailov/docker-script

Then you could build and run a Dockerfile as follows:

docker script ./Dockerfile

Windows PC

Make a run.bat file. Then in the file add this:

docker build -t foo . 
docker run -it foo

To run the file using powershell or cmd do this:

./run.bat

docker-build-and-run

I've created a little helper command for building and running, in a single command. On Linux or Mac, you can add this to your ~/.bash_profile to make it available in the Terminal.

Usage:

docker-build-and-run BUILD_ARGS [-- RUN_ARGS] [-- RUN_COMMAND]

Examples:

docker-build-and-run . -- npm run test
docker-build-and-run --file ./Dockerfile . -- -v ~/volume:/var/volume -- node server.js

The Script:

Add this to a .sh file, or add it to your ~/.bash_profile:

TERM_GREEN="\033[1;32m"
TERM_BLUE="\033[1;34m"
TERM_NC="\033[0m"
docker-build-and-run() {
    if [[ -z "$@" ]]; then
        echo "
            Usage:
                docker-build-and-run BUILD_ARGS [-- RUN_ARGS] [-- RUN_COMMAND]
            Examples:
                docker-build-and-run . -- npm run test
                docker-build-and-run --file ./Dockerfile . -- -v ~/volume:/var/volume -- node server.js
        "
        return
    fi

    # Extract the segments between the dashes:
    BEFORE_THE_DASHES=
    while (( "$#" )); do
        if [[ "$1" = "--" ]]; then
            shift
            break
        fi
        BEFORE_THE_DASHES="$BEFORE_THE_DASHES $1"
        shift
    done
    SEGMENT_1=$BEFORE_THE_DASHES

    BEFORE_THE_DASHES=
    while (( "$#" )); do
        if [[ "$1" = "--" ]]; then
            shift
            break
        fi
        BEFORE_THE_DASHES="$BEFORE_THE_DASHES $1"
        shift
    done
    SEGMENT_2=$BEFORE_THE_DASHES

    SEGMENT_3=$@


    BUILD_ARGS=$SEGMENT_1
    RUN_ARGS=$SEGMENT_2
    RUN_COMMAND=$SEGMENT_3
    if [ -z "$RUN_COMMAND" ]; then
      RUN_COMMAND=$RUN_ARGS
      RUN_ARGS=
    fi


    TEMP_TAG=docker-build-and-run-temp

    docker rm -f $TEMP_TAG 2>/dev/null
    printf "${TERM_GREEN}Building Docker container (${TERM_BLUE}docker build $BUILD_ARGS${TERM_GREEN})${TERM_NC}\n" \
    && docker build --tag $TEMP_TAG $BUILD_ARGS \
    && printf "${TERM_GREEN}Running Docker container (${TERM_BLUE}docker run $RUN_ARGS $RUN_COMMAND${TERM_GREEN})${TERM_NC}\n" \
    && docker run --rm -it $RUN_ARGS --label $TEMP_TAG $TEMP_TAG $RUN_COMMAND
}